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Entries by Scott Lucas (139)

Wednesday
Oct282009

Iran: Are There Billions of Dollars Missing?

The Latest from Iran (28 October): No Lull

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IRAN TOMAN Rooz Online and The Inquistr website are featuring a report by Iran's State Audit Organization which found discrepancies of $66 billion in Government accounts, an amount equivalent to Iran’s average annual oil revenues.

The basics of the report were revealed months ago, but the extent of the missing funds came out Monday in Farda News, which is linked to Tehran Mayor Mohammad Bagher Qalibaf.



The largest of the budget discrepancies concern $35 billion of imported goods. Iran’s Central Bank reported almost $220 billion in purchases between 2005 and 2008, but Custom documents only $185 billion of goods arriving in the country. There are also gaps between reported revenue through exports of oil and other goods and deposits in the country’s central bank. Iran’s oil ministry recorded $255 billion from oil sales between 2005 and 2008, but Iran’s Central Bank reported receipt of $280 billion.

How should the "missing" billions be interpreted? Dr Seyed Mohammad Marandi of the University of Tehran contends that the amount is due to a dispute between the Ministry of Oil and the auditors over "different ways of carrying out their auditing". Dr Emanuele Ottolenghi, a fervent critic of the regime, claims that the cause is "economic mismanagement" with "liberal use of state revenue to fund activities that are not necessarily audited, such as nuclear procurement, terrorism and funding insurgencies abroad".
Wednesday
Oct282009

Pakistan Blast: At Least 95 Killed in Peshawar

Afghanistan: Attack on UN Guest House Kills 12

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A violent morning on both sides of the Afghanistan-Pakistan border: soon after learning of the Taliban gun battle in Kabul that left at least 12 dead, including six United Nations staff, news came through of a car bomb in the Khyber Bazaar at Peshawar. At least 95 are dead and 213  wounded.

The bombing occurred hours after US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton arrived in the country for talks with Pakistani leaders. Another car bomb in Peshawar on 9 October killed 49 people. Video via CNN:

Wednesday
Oct282009

Afghanistan: Attack on UN Guest House Kills 12

Afghanistan: Resignation Letter of US Official Matthew Hoh
Video and Transcript: Obama “I Will Never Rush” on Afghanistan (26 October)

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AFGHANISTAN ATTACK 10-09The Taliban have claimed this morning's attack on a guest house used by United Nations staff in the centre of Kabul. The UN says six staff were killed, while police report three attackers and three Afghan security personnel died in a firefight that lasted several hours. The attack on the guesthouse was in a high-security zone near several heavily-guarded government buildings.

One of Kabul's most prestigious hotels, The Serena, was hit by mortar fire. The hotel is a favourite residence for diplomats and Western journalists. No casualties were reported in the attack, although guests were evacuated to the basement.

While it is too early to judge the effect --- symbolic and political --- of this morning's attack, it brings back uncomfortable memories of an Iraqi insurgent attack in August 2003 on the central UN headquarters in Baghdad, while killed more than 20 people including the UN's special envoy Sergio Vieira de Mello. The UN withdrew all operations soon after the bombing, which marked the transition from post-Saddam "liberation" into protracted conflict.
Tuesday
Oct272009

Latest Iran Video: University Protests (27 October)

The Latest from Iran (27 October): Domestic and Foreign Collide

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Six videos from Khaje Nasir University (Tehran), Chamran University, (Ahwaz) and Azad University (Tehran)

Khaje Nasir University, Tehran

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TrIoVs1yM5s[/youtube]

Chamran University, Ahvaz

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g1nx77RVtm0[/youtube]

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RFqdD5FDhPA[/youtube]

Azad University, Tehran

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aW0WwifLixg[/youtube]

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPV0m3hExII[/youtube]

[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yr90bnyF2CQ&feature=channel[/youtube]
Tuesday
Oct272009

The Latest from Iran (27 October): Domestic and Foreign Collide

NEW Latest Iran Video: University Protests (27 October)
NEW Iran: More on Kian Tajbakhsh and Tehran’s “Velvet Revolution”
Latest Iran Video/Translation: Karroubi on Events in the Iran Media Fair
Iran’s Political Confusion: Khamenei, Ahmadinejad, and the Nuclear Agreement
Latest from Iran (26 October): After the Fair

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IRAN FLAG2015 GMT: 13 Aban Does Not Exist. Homy Lafayette offers more detail on the Government's order to state media to "refrain from disseminating any news, photo, or topic which can lead to tension in the society or breach public order" during the demonstrations on 13 Aban (4 November).

The article includes an English translation of the document, issued by Deputy Culture and Islamic Guidance Minister Alireza Malekian.

1810 GMT: Iran's Nuclear Manoeuvre. If this story from Press TV is accurate, then Tehran is haggling over the details of third-party enrichment, rather than walking away from the deal.

The article re-quotes the source who spoke to Al Alam TV (see 1015 GMT), "Iran will announce its response to the proposal put forward by [International Atomic Energy Agency] Director-General [Mohamed] ElBaradei on Friday, October 30." The official added that Iran did not want to send 80 percent of its uranium stock in a single shipment to Russia, as set out in the deal from the Vienna talks: "Iran as a uranium buyer knows best how much uranium, enriched to a level of 19.75 percent, it needs [for its medical research reactor]; based on this argument, it will raise certain issues with this proposal."

In other words, Tehran will insist on a lower amount of uranium --- currently, the deal is for 1.2 million out of 1.5 million tonnes --- being sent to Russia in the first shipment. More would be delivered for enrichment as the medical reactor required new supplies.

The report is seconded by the head of Parliament's Foreign Policy and National Security Commission, Alaeddin Boroujerdi, "Iran can send the scheduled amount in separate shipments so that its fuel supply [provided by foreigners] is guaranteed....Iran can send only a part of its stockpile … and then as it receives its 20 percent enriched fuel it will send the next portion."

A word of caution on this interpretation: Boroujerdi is close to President Ahmadinejad and is putting the pro-deal view. It is unclear whether the dissenting voices such as Ali Larijani (and possibly, behind Larijani, the Supreme Leader) have come around to this position.

1750 GMT: Back from a teaching break to find that Rooz Online, following up a story prominent on the Internet this morning, has published details of an alleged Government order to censor and possibly shut out any news of mass demonstrations on 13 Aban (4 November).

1230 GMT: As reports continue to come in, with claims of 1500 students protesting at Azad University in Tehran, we've posted the first video footage.

1020 GMT: Reports that students gathered to demonstrate at Tehran University but are being forced to move by security forces.

1015 GMT: Reuters is reporting, from Iran's Al-Alam television, that Iran will accept the uranium enrichment agreement but will demand changes. The source is an "unnamed official" who indicates Iran's reply will be made within 48 hours.

0810 GMT: Detentions, Concerns, and Hunger Strikes. Human Rights Activists in Iran has posted a summary of latest developments regarding post-election detainees. Included is the information that journalist Henganeh Shahidi and student Payman Aref have started hunger strikes.

0800 GMT: Myth, Imprisonment, and "Velvet Revolution". We've just posted more on the jailed Iranian-American scholar Kian Tajbakhsh and the regime's accusations and tactics with the claim of foreign-directed regime change in

0715 GMT: A reader has pointed us to a report posted by CNN on a prison riot in Karaj, west of Tehran, on Sunday. Interestingly, the story comes from the National Council of Resistance in Iran, the opposition movement headed by Maryam Rajavi and linked to Mujahedin-e-Khalq.

0635 GMT: Meanwhile CNN International (broadcast, not website) is focusing on a peripheral story. Pakistan detained and has now released 11 Iranians who crossed the border yesterday. The original line was that the detainees were Revolutionary Guard members, possibly pursuing or looking for leads on those linked to last week's bombings. Pakistan, probably after discreet talks with Tehran, is now calling the wanderers "security guards"; Press TV portrays them as "border police" pursuing smugglers.

0630 GMT: Now The Washington Post has picked up on the effect of the internal debate on the enrichment agreement (and vice-versa) with an overview by Thomas Erdbrink, "Iran officials appear split on nuclear plan".

0600 GMT: One of the standing rules for analysis, when students and I consider US foreign policy, is that what happens overseas cannot be separated from what happens at home.

So it is proving --- and may prove in a significant way in the next 72 hours --- in Iran.

Tensions over the decision on the uranium enrichment deal are now beyond simmering and openly bubbling. Even this weekend, all the signals from the Iranian Government were that it would work out any issues and sign the proposal, with a significant portion of Iran's uranium stock going to Russia for enrichment, by Wednesday or Thursday. Now, all bets are off.

Readers took yesterday's analysis of the possible conflict between the Supreme Leader and President Ahmadinejad to a new level with their comments, but this morning I still find myself with questions rather than answers. The straightforward explanation would be that the Supreme Leader, working through the statements of Parliamentary leaders like Ali Larijani and Mohammad Reza Bahonar, is now blocking agreement. But, if so, why did he apparently endorse "engagement" to the point where the deal was almost struck? What could be the calculation in approaching the International Atomic Energy Agency, and thus Washington, in the summer and now walking out on the deal at the 11th hour?

Other theories from our readers include an Iranian "good cop, bad cop" act which would allow Ahmadinejad to portray himself as the guy who wanted to work with Obama but had to give way to Ayatollah Khamenei and the Iranians walking out of the arrangement because their ploy --- getting uranium for the medical reactor enriched for free while retaining enough of their stock to pursue other programmes --- hasn't yielded enough of a result.

Fortunately for my confusion, if not the general situation, there should be some clarification by Friday. Iran can't spin out the post-Vienna deliberations beyond the weekend, given that the US has already let last Friday's deadline slide in expectation of a Tehran decision within a few days. So it's accept, reject, or try to bring the "5+1" powers back to the table for talks.

And that declaration from Iran will in turn give the US Government, as well as the European powers, Russia, and China, a somewhat paradoxical choice. If Tehran does not sign the enrichment agreement, does the Obama Administration continue engagement, possibly strengthening the Iranian President against his own Supreme Leader? Or does it walk away (or is forced away by Congressional and public hostility to any more talks), now watching an internal Iranian situation in which Washington is no more than a bystander?
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